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00:00
1.
Title page
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00:11
2.
為什麼要學呼吸生理學?不知道這個也活得好好的
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00:28
3.
何時需刻意地增加呼吸效率?
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02:06
4.
Background (背景)
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02:15
4.1
Background
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04:00
4.2
Background
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06:47
4.3
除了氣體交換(吸氧排二氧化碳)外, 呼吸系統還有那些功能?
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09:08
5.
Overview
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11:31
6.
Structure and function (結構與功能)
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11:40
6.1
Structure of Respiratory Sys.
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12:33
6.2
Function of Nasal Passage
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14:06
6.3
Comparison of Airway Structure
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15:05
6.4
Airways of a Human Lung
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15:58
6.5
Main Airway Branches & Zones
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16:58
6.6
Main Airway Branches & Zones
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17:32
6.7
Alveoli
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18:50
6.8
The Human Lung
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19:50
6.9
Blood Supply of Lungs
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21:14
6.10
Respiratory Muscles
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23:34
6.11
Respiratory Muscles
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26:06
6.12
那種呼吸方式比較有效率?
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28:18
6.13
Pleural layers
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29:39
6.14
Cross Section of the Thoracic Cavity
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30:08
6.15
Intrapleural Space
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31:57
6.16
Pneumothorax
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33:35
7.
Ventilation (通氣量)
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33:40
7.1
Instrument for Measuring Lung Vol.
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38:05
7.2
Spirometer, Lung Volumes and Capacities
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41:27
7.3
Lung Volumes and Capacities
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43:32
7.4
什麼時候正常吐氣結束?
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44:43
7.5
Functional Residual Capacity
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47:58
7.6
Measurement of FRC
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49:11
7.7
Measurement of FRC
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52:33
8.
Overview
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52:43
8.1
Ventilation (通氣量)
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54:57
8.2
Dead Space (死腔)
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57:21
8.3
Fowler’s Method:Single-Breath Nitrogen Washout
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1:02:34
8.4
Bohr’s Method:Conservation of Mass
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1:07:13
8.5
Dalton’s Law
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1:10:33
8.6
Bohr’s Method (2)
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1:11:42
8.7
Alveolar Ventilation
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1:14:38
8.8
Alveolar Ventilation
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1:15:44
8.9
Uneven Ventilation inUpright Position
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1:16:51
8.10
Cause of the Regional Differences of Ventilation
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1:20:09
8.11
Closing Volume
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1:25:53
8.12
Partial Pressures of Gases in Various Parts
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1:26:40
8.13
O2 and CO2 Concentrations in Exhaled Gas
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1:28:28
8.14
Overview of Po2 and Pco2
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1:31:35
8.15
改變呼吸方式可改變那種氣體的分壓?
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1:32:26
8.16
Hyper-, Hypo-ventilation & Hyperpnea
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1:35:37
8.17
跑步後很喘,如何快速回到正常的呼吸速率?
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1:36:31
8.18
Why hyperpnea is more efficient?
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1:40:15
8.19
How to measure PAO2?
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1:40:25
8.20
Alveolar Gas Equation
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1:42:09
8.21
Respiratory Quotient (呼吸商)
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1:44:55
8.22
Alveolar Gas Equation
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1:46:17
8.23
Reasons to Understand the Alveolar Gas Equation
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1:47:48
8.24
Case Study
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1:50:01
9.
Perfusion (灌流量) and ventilation/perfusion ratio
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1:50:08
9.1
Overview: Perfusion
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1:50:26
9.2
Perfusion (灌流量)
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1:51:14
9.3
Shunt (分流)
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1:54:06
9.4
Shunt Equation
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1:56:45
9.5
Uneven Perfusion in Upright Position
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1:57:40
9.6
Zone Model
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2:00:13
9.7
Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction
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2:02:48
10.
Overview: V/Q ratio
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2:03:02
10.1
Matching of Ventilation & Perfusion
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2:04:37
10.2
Mis-matching of Ventilation & Perfusion
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2:05:30
10.3
V /Q 受什麼影響?
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2:05:42
10.4
Matching of Ventilation & Perfusion
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2:07:55
10.5
Distribution of V and Q Within the Lung in the Upright Position
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2:10:11
10.6
Distribution of V /Q Ratio
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2:14:35
10.7
V /Q 如何影響氣體的分壓?
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2:14:46
10.8
Effects of V /Q Ratio on PAo2 & PAco2
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2:17:03
10.9
Effects of V /Q Ratio on PAo2 & PAco2
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2:18:16
10.10
V /Q v.s. Po2 & Pco2
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2:22:26
10.11
V /Q Inequality of Normal Lung in the Upright Position
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2:27:54
10.12
Riley’s Three Compartment Model
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2:33:45
10.13
Gas Exchange Computer Lab
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2:34:07
11.
Static/Dynamic respiratory mechanics (呼吸力學)
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2:34:15
11.1
General Concepts and Terminology
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2:39:07
11.2
PL = Pal – Ppl(1)Pw = Ppl – Pbs(2)(1) + (2)Prs = PL + Pw = Pal – Pbsa) Pbs =0 Pw = Ppl = Pes Prs = Palb) Pao = VRaw + Pal When flow=0, Pao = Pal = Prsc) PL = Pal – Ppl = Pao|flow=0 – Pes
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2:44:45
11.3
PL = Pal – Ppl(1)Pw = Ppl – Pbs(2)(1) + (2)Prs = PL + Pw = Pal – Pbsa) Pbs =0 Pw = Ppl = Pes Prs = Palb) Pao = VRaw + Pal When flow=0, Pao = Pal = Prsc) PL = Pal – Ppl = Pao|flow=0 – Pes
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2:45:47
12.
Compliance
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2:48:29
12.1
Compliance Changes in Different Diseases
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2:50:02
12.2
Calculation of Compliance of Lung
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2:52:55
13.
Resistance (阻力)
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2:54:16
13.1
The Airway Resistance
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2:55:53
13.2
The Airway Resistance
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2:58:11
13.3
The Airway Resistance
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3:00:47
13.4
The Airway Resistance
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3:02:27
13.5
Calculation of Dynamic Resistance
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3:04:09
13.6
Evaluation of Airway Resistance
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3:07:59
13.7
Evaluation of Abnormality in Lung Vol.
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3:10:37
13.8
Flow-volume Curves
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3:12:12
13.9
Isovolume Pressure-flow Curves
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3:13:39
13.10
Flow-Volume Relationship
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3:14:51
13.11
Dynamic Airway Compression
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3:22:45
13.12
EPP is Influenced by Lung Elastic Recoil
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3:26:06
13.13
Pursed Lip Breathing (噘嘴吐氣)
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3:27:58
13.14
Abnormality in Lung Vol.
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3:29:05
13.15
Interpretation of Flow-Vol Loop
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3:30:25
13.16
Obstructive Lung Vol. Defect
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3:30:53
13.17
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (慢性阻塞性肺病; COPD)
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3:31:26
13.18
Emphysema (肺氣腫)
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3:32:07
13.19
Asthma (氣喘)
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3:33:31
13.20
吸煙豬肺影片
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3:36:27
13.21
Restrictive Lung Vol. Defect
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3:37:11
13.22
Examples of Restrictive Lung Dz.
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3:38:10
13.23
做那些動作使呼吸效率增加?為什麼?
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3:38:59
13.24
做那些動作使呼吸效率增加?為什麼?
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3:40:27
14.
Pressure-volume (P-V) curve of the lungs
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3:40:32
14.1
Hysteresis
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3:43:45
14.2
Surface Tension
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3:45:33
14.3
Law of LaPlace
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3:47:21
14.4
Surfactants
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3:47:47
14.5
Importance of Lung Surfactant
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3:48:56
14.6
Work of Breathing
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3:49:55
14.7
Effects of Diseases on PV Curve
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3:51:48
14.8
為什麼肺氣腫的病人每次的呼吸都很吃力?
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3:52:19
14.9
Effects of Diseases on PV Curve
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3:53:42
15.
Lung-chest wall coupling
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3:53:51
15.1
PL = Pal – Ppl(1)Pw = Ppl – Pbs(2)(1) + (2)Prs = PL + Pw = Pal – Pbsa) Pbs =0 Pw = Ppl = Pes Prs = Palb) Pao = VRaw + Pal When flow=0, Pao = Pal = Prsc) PL = Pal – Ppl = Pao|flow=0 – Pes
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3:54:44
15.2
Elastic Recoil of the Chest Wall
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3:56:21
15.3
Elastic Recoil of the Chest Wall
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3:59:44
15.4
Lung-Chest Wall Couplingin Static Status at Different Lung Volume
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4:01:31
15.5
Lung-chest Wall Coupling to Determine FRC
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4:05:40
15.6
Static Elastic Properties of the Lung and Chest Wall
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4:07:40
15.7
Static Elastic Properties of the Lung and Chest Wall
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4:09:22
15.8
Transmural Pressure Across the Lung Wall in Dynamic Status
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4:11:19
15.9
The Mechanics of Quiet Breathing
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4:16:40
15.10
P-V Relationships and Schematic Events of Resp. Cycle
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4:22:10
15.11
P-V Relationships and Schematic Events of Resp. Cycle
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4:23:49
16.
Diffusion(擴散)and gas transport(氣體運輸)
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4:24:02
16.1
Overview
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4:24:26
16.2
Diffusion and Gas Transport
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4:25:11
16.3
Alveolo-Capillary Barrier
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4:25:45
16.4
Diffusion
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4:26:32
16.5
Diffusion Capacity
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4:27:36
16.6
Diffusion Capacity
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4:29:17
16.7
Physiologic Changes That Alter Diffusion Capacity
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4:30:39
16.8
Capillary Transit Time
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4:33:47
16.9
Perfusion-limited Gas
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4:35:02
16.10
Diffusion-limited Gas
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4:35:52
16.11
Diffusion and Perfusion Limitations
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4:39:15
17.
Interpretation of Pulmonary Function Test
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4:42:36
18.
Transport of O2 and CO2
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4:42:55
18.1
Oxygen Transport
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4:43:41
18.2
Blood Gas Measurement
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4:44:13
18.3
Blood Gas Measurement
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4:46:03
18.4
O2 Bound to Hb
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4:46:30
18.5
O2 Bound to Hb
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4:48:37
18.6
What does pulse oximeter measure?O2 dissolved in the blood plasmaO2 bound with hemoglobin
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4:49:51
18.7
O2 Concentration & Saturation in Anemia
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4:51:07
18.8
Cooperative Interactions
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4:52:35
18.9
O2 Bound to Hb
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4:54:49
18.10
O2 Bound to Hb
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4:57:22
18.11
Factors Affecting O2 Bound to Hb
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4:59:20
18.12
CO2 Transport
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5:00:17
18.13
CO2 Transport
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5:01:51
18.14
CO2 Transport
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5:02:21
18.15
CO2 Equilibrium Curve
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5:05:01
19.
Assessment of Arterial Hypoxemia
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5:07:20
19.1
Case study
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5:11:22
20.
Neural control of respiration(呼吸的神經調控)
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5:11:29
20.1
Control of Respiration
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5:12:15
20.2
Overview
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5:12:33
20.3
Receptors
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5:13:30
20.4
Receptors
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5:15:36
20.5
Receptors
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5:16:59
20.6
Central Controller in Brain Stem
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5:17:19
20.7
你覺得吸氣比較重要還是呼氣比較重要?
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5:17:45
20.8
Central Controller
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5:18:26
20.9
Central Controller
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5:19:54
20.10
Respiratory Neurons in the Brain Stem
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5:23:31
20.11
正常情況下,什麼時候正常呼吸的型態會改變?
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5:23:48
20.12
Central Controller
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5:24:33
20.13
Central Controller
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5:25:13
20.14
Effectors
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5:25:54
21.
Chemical control of respiration(呼吸的化學調控)
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5:26:00
21.1
Overview
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5:26:09
21.2
你覺得吸氧氣比較重要還是排二氧化碳比較重要?
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5:26:23
21.3
Chemical Control of Resp.
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5:27:27
21.4
Central Chemoreceptor
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5:29:22
21.5
Peripheral Chemoreceptor
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5:30:17
21.6
Regulation of breathing in response to changes in blood PCO2, PO2, and pH (H+) via negative feedback control
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5:31:50
21.7
Silent Hypoxia (Happy Hypoxia)
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5:33:00
21.8
Video: respiration control
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5:34:05
22.
Acid-base balance (酸鹼平衡)
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5:34:09
22.1
Acid-base Balance
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5:35:10
22.2
Effectiveness of a Buffer System
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5:36:29
22.3
Bicarbonate
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5:37:05
22.4
The Effect of Bicarbonate on Blood pH
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5:38:25
22.5
Davenport Diagram
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5:39:54
22.6
Respiratory Disturbances
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5:40:38
22.7
Metabolic Disturbances
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5:41:03
22.8
Compensatory Responses
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5:42:53
22.9
Compensatory Responses
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5:43:48
23.
Examples: exercise and high altitude adaptation
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5:43:59
23.1
Rest-to-Work Transitions
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5:44:42
23.2
Sub-maximal Exercise
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5:44:58
23.3
Ventilatory Control During Submaximal Exercise
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5:45:16
23.4
High Intensity Exercise
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5:46:12
23.5
High Intensity Exercise
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5:47:22
23.6
Oxygen Debt
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5:48:26
23.7
呼吸系統是運動的限制因子嗎?
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5:48:30
23.8
Do the Lungs Limit Exercise Performance?
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5:48:46
23.9
Effect of Training on Ventilation
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5:49:10
23.10
How to Increase Resp. Function During Exercise?
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5:52:12
23.11
How to Increase Resp. Function During Exercise?
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5:54:00
24.
Effect of High Altitude on Resp. Function
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5:54:41
24.1
Immediate: Increased in Ventilation
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5:57:37
24.2
Days: Decreased Affinity of Hemoglobin for Oxygen
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5:58:53
24.3
Days to weeks: Increased Hemoglobin Production
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6:00:14
24.4
Respiratory Adaptations to High Altitude
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6:00:48
25.
Overview